Background: There is conflicting data relating to the effect of volume and type of alcohol consumed on bone mineral density (BMD).
Aim: Determine the cross sectional and longitudinal associations between amount and type of alcohol consumption and BMD in a community dwelling cohort of middle-aged to older men. We hypothesised that both volume and type of alcohol consumed impact on BMD
Methods: Participants (n=693) were derived and representative of the Florey Adelaide Male Aging Study (FAMAS) cohort (n=1195). Bone density was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at commencement and 5-year follow-up. Alcohol consumption was determined through Cancer Council Victoria Diet Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies Version 3.1, and was classified into beer (high/low concentration), red wine, white wine and port/sherry/spirits. Multivariable regression was performed to assess cross sectional and longitudinal associations between types of alcohol intake and BMD.
Results: Oestrogen concentration alone was different between the FAMAS cohort and analysis cohort (Wilcox sign-rank test p = 0.015). Cross-sectionally, whole-body BMD was not associated with type or volume of alcohol consumed. Spinal BMD was inversely associated with volume of low strength beer consumption β -0.021 g/cm2 (95% CI -0.034, -0.008, p<0.001). Longitudinally, there was no association between volume or type of alcohol consumption and whole-body BMD (corrected for baseline). Change in spinal BMD was inversely associated with change in full strength beer consumption β -0.006 g/cm2 (95% CI-0.012, -0.001, p = 0.030).
Conclusion: In middle-aged to elderly men, volume or type of alcohol consumption does not appear to be associated with whole body BMD in small volumes. There appears to be a relationship between beer consumption and changes in spinal BMD compared to other forms of alcohol. Further research is required to determine the underlying cause of beer associated changes in BMD.